今天是2024年十一月23日 第47周 星期六
代人，时大变了。
我们生活在大地上，但我们的梦想超越天空。
“牛顿运动定律”的版本间的差异
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==通常的现代表述== | ==通常的现代表述== | ||
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*第一定律：假若施加于某物体的外力为零，则该物体的运动速度不变（也称'''惯性定律'''）。 | *第一定律：假若施加于某物体的外力为零，则该物体的运动速度不变（也称'''惯性定律'''）。 | ||
*第二定律：施加于物体的外力等于此物体的质量与加速度的乘积（也称'''加速度定律'''）。 | *第二定律：施加于物体的外力等于此物体的质量与加速度的乘积（也称'''加速度定律'''）。 | ||
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==文言版== | ==文言版== | ||
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*律一曰：[[天演論#嚴復自序|靜者不自動，動者不自止；動路必直，速率必均。]] | *律一曰：[[天演論#嚴復自序|靜者不自動，動者不自止；動路必直，速率必均。]] | ||
*律二曰：質量加速度積與物力相侔。 | *律二曰：質量加速度積與物力相侔。 | ||
| − | *律三曰： | + | *律三曰： 施 力必 受反，值 等而 向 反。 |
==拉丁语原文== | ==拉丁语原文== | ||
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*{{lang|la|Lex. I. Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum, nisi quatenus a viribus impressis cogitur statum illum mutare.}} | *{{lang|la|Lex. I. Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum, nisi quatenus a viribus impressis cogitur statum illum mutare.}} | ||
*{{lang|la|Lex. II. Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressæ, & fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur.}} | *{{lang|la|Lex. II. Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressæ, & fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur.}} | ||
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==英文译文== | ==英文译文== | ||
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*{{lang|en|LAW I. Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.}} | *{{lang|en|LAW I. Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.}} | ||
*{{lang|en|LAW II. The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.}} | *{{lang|en|LAW II. The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.}} | ||
*{{lang|en|LAW III. To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.}} | *{{lang|en|LAW III. To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.}} | ||
2021年1月7日 (四) 23:30的最新版本
牛顿运动定律是经典力学的三条基础定律，由牛顿在于1687年7月5日发表的巨著《自然哲学的数学原理》里提出。
通常的现代表述
- 第一定律：假若施加于某物体的外力为零，则该物体的运动速度不变（也称惯性定律）。
- 第二定律：施加于物体的外力等于此物体的质量与加速度的乘积（也称加速度定律）。
- 第三定律：当两个物体相互作用于对方时，彼此施加于对方的力，其大小相等、方向相反（也称作用力与反作用力定律）。
文言版
- 律一曰：靜者不自動，動者不自止；動路必直，速率必均。
- 律二曰：質量加速度積與物力相侔。
- 律三曰：施力必受反，值等而向反。
拉丁语原文
- Lex. I. Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum, nisi quatenus a viribus impressis cogitur statum illum mutare.
- Lex. II. Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressæ, & fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur.
- Lex. III. Actioni contrariam semper & æqualem esse reactionem: sive corporum duorum actiones in se mutuo semper esse æquales & in partes contrarias dirigi.
英文译文
- LAW I. Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.
- LAW II. The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.
- LAW III. To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.